2021/06/03 by Abishek Sankara Narayan, Sara Marks, Regula Meierhofer +4 · 1 citation
Nursing · Environmental Science · Social Sciences · #Child Nutrition and Water Access #Wastewater Treatment and Reuse #Water Governance and Infrastructure
paper · pdf · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-030620-042304
openalex publication_date 2021/06/03 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
The water, sanitation, and solid waste sectors are closely related and have many interactions between their respective service chains in low- and middle-income countries. Currently, these interactions mostly lead to cross-contamination, and opportunities for co-benefits are seldom realized. This review presents the key advancements within each of these three development sectors in the past two decades. We identify numerous similarities such as decentralization, resource recovery, community involved planning, and digitalization. Despite the potential for synergies and the opportunities to maximize positive interactions, there have been few attempts to break the existing sectoral silos in order to integrate these three service chains. We argue that, with the right enabling environment, an integrated approachto holistically planning and implementing water supply, sanitation, and solid waste management can create positive interactions resulting in co-benefits among complementary development goals.