2025/12/22 by Oyesola, Olusoji A., Olayemi, Oluwaseye E., Omoaghe, Adams O. +3
#Anti-inflammatory #Antibiotic therapy #Crohn's disease #Monoclonal antibodies #gut pathology
paper · doi:10.20372/dijbar204.v7i2.2025
Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and mucosal injury. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and monoclonal antibody treatments on gut inflammation, oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations in a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced rat model of Crohn’s disease. Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into five groups: control, Crohn’s disease model, antibiotic (ciprofloxacin), anti-inflammatory (prednisolone), and monoclonal antibody (infliximab). TNBS administration markedly reduced gut pH (to ~1.5–2.1 vs. 4.0–4.6 in controls), increased total acidity (to ~450 mEq/L vs. 175 mEq/L), and elevated malondialdehyde levels (to ~0.17 nmol/mL vs. 0.07 nmol/mL), indicating oxidative stress and mucosal injury. Mucin content declined sharply (to ~60 µg/g vs. 160 µg/g in controls). Treatment with ciprofloxacin, prednisolone, and infliximab significantly restored mucin content (by approximately 25–30%) and gut pH, while reducing total acidity and lipid peroxidation compared with untreated disease controls with infliximab showing the greatest restoration of mucin (~110 µg/g) and reduction of lipid peroxidation (~0.06 nmol/mL). Histopathological analysis confirmed reduced ulceration, hyperemia, and megacolon severity in treated groups. These findings demonstrate that targeting intestinal microbiota, inflammation, and oxidative stress can improve gut integrity and function in experimental Crohn’s disease. Further studies should explore combined therapeutic strategies to optimize treatment outcomes.