1967/02/24 by J. R. Booker, F. P. Bretherton · 5 citations
Physics and Astronomy · Earth and Planetary Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics #Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes #Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
paper · doi:10.1017/s0022112067000515
openalex publication_date 1967/02/24 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
Internal gravity waves of small amplitude propagate in a Boussinesq inviscid, adiabatic liquid in which the mean horizontal velocity U ( z ) depends on height z only. If the Richardson number R is everywhere larger than 1/4, the waves are attenuated by a factor exp\-2π(R - (1)/(4))(1)/(2)\ as they pass through a critical level at which U is equal to the horizontal phase speed, and momentum is transferred to the mean flow there. This effect is considered in relation to lee waves in the airflow over a mountain, and in relation to transient localized disturbances. It is significant in considering the propagation of gravity waves from the troposphere to the ionosphere, and possibly in transferring horizontal momentum into the deep ocean without substantial mixing.