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Cyberbullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils

2008/03/19 by Peter K. Smith, Jess Mahdavi, Manuel Carvalho +4 · 3,603 citations
Medicine · Psychology · Social Sciences · #Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression #Child Development and Digital Technology #Clinical psychology #Computer security #Coping (psychology) #Developmental psychology #Human factors and ergonomics #Impact of Technology on Adolescents #Medicine #Mobile phone #Phone #Poison control #Psychology #Social psychology #Suicide prevention #The Internet #nobody

paper · pdf · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x

published in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 49(4), 376-385 (Wiley)

openalex publication_date 2008/03/19 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/03

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cyberbullying describes bullying using mobile phones and the internet. Most previous studies have focused on the prevalence of text message and email bullying. METHODS: Two surveys with pupils aged 11-16 years: (1) 92 pupils from 14 schools, supplemented by focus groups; (2) 533 pupils from 5 schools, to assess the generalisability of findings from the first study, and investigate relationships of cyberbullying to general internet use. Both studies differentiated cyberbullying inside and outside of school, and 7 media of cyberbullying. RESULTS: Both studies found cyberbullying less frequent than traditional bullying, but appreciable, and reported more outside of school than inside. Phone call and text message bullying were most prevalent, with instant messaging bullying in the second study; their impact was perceived as comparable to traditional bullying. Mobile phone/video clip bullying, while rarer, was perceived to have more negative impact. Age and gender differences varied between the two studies. Study 1 found that most cyberbullying was done by one or a few students, usually from the same year group. It often just lasted about a week, but sometimes much longer. The second study found that being a cybervictim, but not a cyberbully, correlated with internet use; many cybervictims were traditional 'bully-victims'. Pupils recommended blocking/avoiding messages, and telling someone, as the best coping strategies; but many cybervictims had told nobody about it. CONCLUSIONS: Cyberbullying is an important new kind of bullying, with some different characteristics from traditional bullying. Much happens outside school. Implications for research and practical action are discussed.

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