2014/01/10 by Loet Leydesdorff, Han Woo Park, Leydesdorff, Loet +1
Business, Management and Accounting · Physics and Astronomy · #Complex Network Analysis Techniques #Computers and Society (cs.CY) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Innovation and Knowledge Management #University-Industry-Government Innovation Models
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1401.2342
openalex publication_date 2014/01/10 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Triple-Helix arrangements of bi- and trilateral relations can be considered\nas adaptive eco-systems. During the last decade, we have further developed a\nTriple-Helix indicator of synergy as reduction of uncertainty in niches that\ncan be shaped among three or more distributions. Reduction of uncertainty can\nbe generated in correlations among distributions of relations, but this\n(next-order) effect can be counterbalanced by uncertainty generated in the\nrelations. We first explain the indicator, and then review possible results\nwhen this indicator is applied to (i) co-author networks of academic,\nindustrial, and governmental authors and (ii) synergies in the distributions of\nfirms over geographical addresses, technological classes, and industrial-size\nclasses for a number of nations. Co-variation is then considered as a measure\nof relationship. The balance between globalizing and localizing dynamics can be\nquantified. Too much synergy locally can also be considered as lock-in.\nTendencies are different for the globalizing knowledge dynamics versus locally\nretaining wealth from knowledge in industrial innovations.\n