2026/07/19 by Yan-Qing Zhao, Zhou-Run Zhu
#hep-ph
We develop a general holographic framework for computing thermal spectral functions of exotic spin--1 mesons. A bulk Proca mass encodes the canonical ultraviolet dimension of the interpolating operator, allowing channels with different ultraviolet scaling to be treated within a unified membrane-flow formalism in the zero-spatial-momentum limit. We test this framework in a soft-wall model with a gluon-condensate background for the hybrid π1 and tetraquark-like Zc channels. The results show that dissociation temperatures of both channels lie below the phase transition temperatures. Increasing c delays dissociation in both channels, but through different effects: both the vacuum-mass shift and thermal spectral deformation contribute in the π1 channel, whereas the latter dominates in the Zc channel. Nevertheless, for the same environment, the Zc resonance dissociates at a lower temperature than the π1 resonance.