2006/02/24 by A. Merloni, Gregory Rudnick, G. Rudnick +2 · 6 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Accretion (finance) #Active galactic nucleus #Astronomy #Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations #Astrophysics #Black hole (networking) #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena #Galaxy #Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae #Intermediate-mass black hole #Physics #Quasar #Redshift #Star formation #Stellar mass #Supermassive black hole #astro-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74713-0_36
published in ESO astrophysics symposia, 158-162 (Springer Science+Business Media) · 5 pages, 2 color figures. To appear in the proceedings of "Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology - Einstein's Legacy" (Eds.: B. Aschenbach, V. Burwitz, G. Hasinger, and B. Leibundgut), 7 - 11 November 2005, Munich, Germany
arxiv created 2006/02/24 · openalex publication_date 2007/10/18 · arxiv updated 2015/06/24 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We compare all the available observational data on the redshift evolution of the total stellar mass and star formation rate density in the Universe with the mass and accretion rate density evolution of supermassive black holes, estimated from the hard X-ray selected luminosity function of quasars and active galactic nuclei. We find that on average black hole mass must have been higher at higher redshift for given spheroid stellar mass. Moreover, we find negative redshift evolution of the disk/irregulars to spheroid mass ratio. The total accretion efficiency is constrained to be between 0.06 and 0.12, depending on the exact value of the local SMBH mass density, and on the critical accretion rate below which radiatively inefficient accretion may take place.