2014/03/15 by Yusuke Himeoka, Kunihiko Kaneko · 1 citation
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #q-bio.MN #q-bio.SC
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physreve.90.042714
17 pages, 6 figures
arxiv created 2014/03/15 · arxiv updated 2015/06/19
Cells generally convert external nutrient resources to support metabolismand growth. Understanding the thermodynamic efficiency of this conversion is essential to determine the general characteristics of cellular growth. Using a simple protocell model with catalytic reaction dynamics to synthesize the necessary enzyme and membrane components from nutrients, the entropy production per unit cell-volume growth is calculated analytically and numerically based on the rate equation for chemical kinetics and linear non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The minimal entropy production per unit cell growth is found to be achieved at a non-zero nutrient uptake rate, rather than at a quasi-static limit as in the standard Carnot engine. This difference appears because the equilibration mediated by the enzyme exists only within cells that grow through enzyme and membrane synthesis. Optimal nutrient uptake is also confirmed by protocell models with many chemical components synthesized through a catalytic reaction network. The possible relevance of the identified optimal uptake to optimal yield for cellular growth is also discussed.