2007/06/29 by Christian Haasen, Uwe Verthein, Peter Degkwitz +3 · 2 citations
Medicine · #Opioid Use Disorder Treatment #Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes #HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
paper · pdf · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.026112
openalex publication_date 2007/06/29 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
BACKGROUND: Heroin-assisted treatment has been found to be effective for people with severe opioid dependence who are not interested in or do poorly on methadone maintenance. AIMS: To study heroin-assisted treatment in people on methadone who continue intravenous heroin and in those who are heroin dependent but currently not in treatment. METHOD: In an open-label multicentre randomised controlled trial, 1015 people with heroin dependence received a variable dose of injectable heroin (n=515) or oral methadone (n=500) for 12 months. Two response criteria, improvement of physical and/or mental health and decrease in illicit drug use, were evaluated in an intent-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: Retention was higher in the heroin (67.2%) than in the methadone group (40.0%) and the heroin group showed a significantly greater response on both primary outcome measures. More serious adverse events were found in the heroin group, and were mainly associated with intravenous use. CONCLUSIONS: Heroin-assisted treatment is more effective for people with opioid dependence who continue intravenous heroin while on methadone maintenance or who are not enrolled in treatment. Despite a higher risk, it should be considered for treatment resistance under medical supervision.