2020/03/04 by Olaf Zawacki‐Richter, Dianne Conrad, Aras Bozkurt +22 · 1 citation
Computer Science · #Online Learning and Analytics #E-Learning and Knowledge Management #Open Education and E-Learning
paper · pdf · doi:10.19173/irrodl.v21i3.4659
openalex publication_date 2020/03/04 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
This paper explores elements of open education within the context of higher education. After an introduction to the origins of open education and its theoretical foundations, the topics of open and distance learning, international education issues in open education, open educational practices and scholarship, open educational resources, MOOCs, prior learning accreditation and recognition, and learner characteristics are considered, following the framework of macro, meso, and micro levels of research in open and distance learning. Implications for future research at the macro, meso, and micro levels are then provided.