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Intercepting 3I/ATLAS at Closest Approach to Jupiter with the Juno spacecraft

2025/07/29 by Abraham Loeb, Adam Hibberd, Loeb, Abraham +3 · 8 voices · 3 citations
#astro-ph.EP #astro-ph.GA #astro-ph.IM

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.21402

Abstract

The interstellar object 3I/ATLAS is expected to arrive at a distance of 53.56(± 0.45) million \rm km (0.358± 0.003~au) from Jupiter on March 16, 2026. We show that applying a total thrust ΔV of 2.6755 \rm km~s-1 to lower perijove on September 9, 2025 and then execute a Jupiter Oberth Maneuver, can bring the Juno spacecraft from its orbit around Jupiter to intercept the path of 3I/ATLAS on March 14, 2026. We further show that it is possible for Juno to come much closer to 3I/ATLAS (∼27 million km) with 110 kg of remaining propellant, merely 5.4% of the initial fuel reservoir. We find that for low available ΔV there is no particular benefit in application of a double impulse (for example to reach ∼27 million km from 3I/ATLAS), however if Juno has a higher ΔV capability there is significant advantage to a second impulse with typically a saving of propellant by a factor of a half. A close fly-by might be able to probe the nature of 3I/ATLAS far better than telescopes on Earth.

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