2011/02/28 by Gil Jannes, Philippe Maïssa, P. Maïssa +3 · 23 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Apparent horizon #Astronomy #Astrophysics #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Black hole (networking) #Black hole information paradox #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Event horizon #Hawking radiation #Horizon #Micro black hole #Network packet #Physics #Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect #Quantum electrodynamics #Quantum mechanics #Radiation #Wave packet #gr-qc #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.104028
published in Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields 83(10) (American Physical Society) · 12 pages, 7 figures. v2: clarifications on waves vs particles, detectability, and UV behaviour in analogue systems. Published version
openalex publication_date 2011/05/17 · arxiv created 2011/05/18 · arxiv updated 2015/03/18 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We discuss the behavior of massive modes near a horizon based on a study of the dispersion relation and wave packet simulations of the Klein-Gordon equation. We point out an apparent paradox between two (in principle equivalent) pictures of black-hole evaporation through Hawking radiation. In the picture in which the evaporation is due to the emission of positive-energy modes, one immediately obtains a threshold for the emission of massive particles. In the picture in which the evaporation is due to the absorption of negative-energy modes, such a threshold apparently does not exist. We resolve this paradox by tracing the evolution of the positive-energy massive modes with an energy below the threshold. These are seen to be emitted and move away from the black-hole horizon, but they bounce back at a ``red horizon'' and are reabsorbed by the black hole, thus compensating exactly for the difference between the two pictures. For astrophysical black holes, the consequences are curious but do not affect the terrestrial constraints on observing Hawking radiation. For analogue-gravity systems with massive modes, however, the consequences are crucial and rather surprising.