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The Influence of Macromolecular Crowding and Macromolecular Confinement on Biochemical Reactions in Physiological Media

2001/04/01 by Allen P. Minton · 10 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Protein Structure and Dynamics #Chemical and Physical Studies #Hemoglobin structure and function

paper · pdf · doi:10.1074/jbc.r100005200

openalex publication_date 2001/04/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

Detailed knowledge of the rates, equilibria, and mechanism of biochemical reactions has traditionally been acquired through experiments conducted on solutions containing low concentrations (less than about 1 mg/ml) of total protein, nucleic acid, and/or polysaccharide together with buffer salts, low molecular weight substrates, and cofactors as required. In contrast, biochemical reactions in living systems take place in media containing substantially greater total concentrations (50–400 mg/ml) of macromolecules that may be present in solution and/or in indefinitely large arrays (e.g.

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