2007/07/21 by Sarah A. Tishkoff, Mary Katherine Gonder, Brenna M. Henn +9 · 7 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Medicine · #Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies #RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms #Virology and Viral Diseases
paper · pdf · doi:10.1093/molbev/msm155
openalex publication_date 2007/07/21 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
Little is known about the history of click-speaking populations in Africa. Prior genetic studies revealed that the click-speaking Hadza of eastern Africa are as distantly related to click speakers of southern Africa as are most other African populations. The Sandawe, who currently live within 150 km of the Hadza, are the only other population in eastern Africa whose language has been classified as part of the Khoisan language family. Linguists disagree on whether there is any detectable relationship between the Hadza and Sandawe click languages. We characterized both mtDNA and Y chromosome variation of the Sandawe, Hadza, and neighboring Tanzanian populations. New genetic data show that the Sandawe and southern African click speakers share rare mtDNA and Y chromosome haplogroups; however, common ancestry of the 2 populations dates back >35,000 years. These data also indicate that common ancestry of the Hadza and Sandawe populations dates back >15,000 years. These findings suggest that at the time of the spread of agriculture and pastoralism, the click-speaking populations were already isolated from one another and are consistent with relatively deep linguistic divergence among the respective click languages.