1995/02/17 by David M. Hunt, Kanwaijit S. Dulai, James K. Bowmaker +1 · 3 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Chemistry · Medicine · Neuroscience · #Art #Biology #Blindness #Brother #Chemistry #Color vision #Law #Medicine #Neuroscience #Ocular and Laser Science Research #Optics #Optometry #Photopigment #Physics #Retina #Retinal Development and Disorders #Visual perception and processing mechanisms
paper · doi:10.1126/science.7863342
openalex publication_date 1995/02/17 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/23
John Dalton described his own color blindness in 1794. In common with his brother, he confused scarlet with green and pink with blue. Dalton supposed that his vitreous humor was tinted blue, selectively absorbing longer wavelengths. He instructed that his eyes should be examined after his death, but the examination revealed that the humors were perfectly clear. In experiments presented here, DNA extracted from his preserved eye tissue showed that Dalton was a deuteranope, lacking the middlewave photopigment of the retina. This diagnosis is shown to be compatible with the historical record of his phenotype, although it contradicts Thomas Young's belief that Dalton was a protanope.