2005/08/14 by Alison Demaria, Catherine I. Low, Raymond R. Volkas · 1 citation
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena #Discrete symmetry #Gauge (firearms) #Gauge group #Gauge symmetry #Gauge theory #Geometry #Grand Unified Theory #Homogeneous space #Mathematical physics #Mathematics #Neutrino Physics Research #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Physics #Quark #Renormalization group #Spontaneous symmetry breaking #Standard Model (mathematical formulation) #Supersymmetry #Symmetry breaking #Symmetry group #Theoretical physics #hep-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevd.72.075007
published as Phys.Rev.D72:075007,2005; Erratum-ibid.D73:079902,2006 · 25 pages
arxiv created 2005/08/14 · openalex publication_date 2005/10/13 · arxiv updated 2014/11/17 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
The idea of quark-lepton universality at high energies has been introduced as a natural extension to the standard model. This is achieved by endowing leptons with new degrees of freedom---leptonic color, an analogue of the familiar quark color. Grand and partially unified models which utilize this new gauge symmetry SU(3)_\ensuremathℓ have been proposed in the context of the quartification gauge group SU(3)4. Phenomenologically successful gauge coupling constant unification without supersymmetry has been demonstrated for cases where the symmetry breaking leaves a residual SU(2)_\ensuremathℓ unbroken. Though attractive, these schemes either incorporate ad hoc discrete symmetries and nonrenormalizable mass terms, or achieve only partial unification. We show that grand unified models can be constructed where the quartification group can be broken fully [i.e. no residual SU(2)_\ensuremathℓ] to the standard model gauge group without requiring additional discrete symmetries or higher dimension operators. These models also automatically have suppressed nonzero neutrino masses. We perform a systematic analysis of the renormalization-group equations for all possible symmetry breaking routes from SU(3)4\ensuremath→SU(3)q\ensuremath\bigotimesSU(2)L\ensuremath\bigotimesU(1)Y. This analysis indicates that gauge coupling unification can be achieved for several different symmetry breaking patterns and we outline the requirements that each gives on the unification scale. We also show that the unification scenarios of those models which leave a residual SU(2)_\ensuremathℓ symmetry are not unique. In both symmetry breaking cases, some of the scenarios require new physics at the TeV scale, while others do not allow for new TeV phenomenology in the fermionic sector.