2021/11/14 by M. Waqas, Waqas, Muhammad, Lu-Meng Liu +5
Physics and Astronomy · Engineering · #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Granular flow and fluidized beds
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2111.07531
We used the modified Hagedron function and analyzed the experimental data\nmeasured by the BRAHMS, STAR, PHENIX and ALICE Collaborations in Copper-Copper,\nGold-Gold, deuteron-Gold, Lead-Lead, proton-Lead and proton-proton collisions,\nand extracted the related parameters (kinetic freeze-out temperature,\ntransverse flow velocity, kinetic freeze-out volume, mean transverse momentum\nand initial temperature) from the transverse momentum spectra of the particles\n(non-strange and strange particles). We observed that all the above parameters\ndecrease from central to peripheral collisions, except transverse flow velocity\nwhich remains unchanged from central to peripheral collisions. The kinetic\nfreeze-out temperature depends on the cross-section interaction of the particle\nsuch that larger cross-section of the particle corresponds to smaller T0, and\nreveals the two kinetic freeze-out scenario, while the initial temperature\ndepends on the mass of the particle and it increase with the particle mass. The\ntransverse flow velocity and mean transverse momentum depends on the mass of\nthe particle and the former decrease while the later increase with the particle\nmass. In addition, the kinetic kinetic freeze-out volume also decrease with\nparticle mass which reveals the volume differential freeze-out scenario and\nindicates different freeze-out surfaces for different particles. We also\nextracted the entropy index-parameter n and the parameter N0, and the former\nremains almost unchanged while the later decrease from central to peripheral\ncollisions. Furthermore, the kinetic freeze-out temperature, transverse flow\nvelocity, kinetic freeze-out volume, initial temperature, mean transverse\nmomentum and the parameter N0 at LHC are larger than that of RHIC, and they\nshow their dependence on the collision cross-section as well as on collision\nenergy at RHIC and LHC.\n