2013/06/04 by Kosuke Odagiri
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Explicit symmetry breaking #Gauge (firearms) #Gauge boson #Gauge symmetry #Gauge theory #Goldstone boson #Higgs boson #Mathematical physics #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Physics #Spontaneous symmetry breaking #Standard Model (mathematical formulation) #Symmetry breaking #Theoretical physics #hep-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1007/s10701-014-9820-2
published in Foundations of Physics 44(9), 932-952 (Springer Science+Business Media) · 19 pages, uses axodraw.sty
arxiv created 2013/06/04 · openalex publication_date 2014/06/20 · arxiv updated 2014/08/26 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We argue that there is a spontaneously broken rotational symmetry between space-time coordinates and gauge theoretical phases. The dilatonic mode acts as the massive Higgs boson, whose vacuum expectation value determines the gauge couplings. This mechanism requires that the quadratic divergences, or tadpoles of the three gauge-theory couplings, unify at a certain scale. We verify this statement, and find that this occurs at Λu ~ 4x107 GeV. The tadpole cancellation condition, together with the dilaton self-energy, fixes the value of the unified tadpole coefficient to be 1/[4 ln(Λcut/Λu)]. The observed values of the coupling constants at Λu then implies Λcut ~ 4x1018 GeV, which is close to the value of the reduced Planck mass MRPl=MPl/sqrt(8 pi)=2.4 x 1018 GeV. In other words, by assuming a cutoff at MPl or MRPl, we are able to obtain predictions for the gauge couplings which agree with the true values to within a few percent. It turns out that this symmetry breaking can only take place if mass is generated with the aid of some other means such as electroweak symmetry breaking. Assuming dynamical symmetry breaking originating at MRPl, we obtain Mchi ~ 109 GeV, which is not unreasonable but somewhat higher than Λu. The cancellation of an anomaly in the dilaton self-energy requires that the number of fermionic generations equals three.