2012/11/30 by Naoko Nakagawa, Shin‐ichi Sasa, Shin-ichi Sasa
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics #Classical mechanics #Computer science #Entropy (arrow of time) #Mathematics #Physics #Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #Relation (database) #Second law of thermodynamics #Statistical physics #Theoretical physics #Thermodynamics #Work (physics) #cond-mat.stat-mech
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physreve.87.022109
published as Phys. Rev. E 87, 022109 (2013) · 5 pages, 2 figures
openalex publication_date 2013/02/08 · arxiv created 2013/02/12 · arxiv updated 2013/02/13 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
For time-dependent states generated by an external operation, a generalized free energy may be introduced by the relative entropy with respect to an equilibrium state realized after sufficient relaxation from the time-dependent states. Recently, by studying overdamped systems, Sivak and Crooks presented a formula that relates the generalized free energy with measurable thermodynamic works. We rederive this relation with emphasizing a connection to an extended Clausius relation proposed in the framework of steady state thermodynamics. As a natural consequence, we generalize this relation to be valid for systems with momentum degrees of freedom, where the Shannon entropy in the generalized free energy is replaced by a symmetric one.