2012/01/01 by E. Arimondo, Ennio Arimondo, Donatella Ciampini +5
Physics and Astronomy · #Absorption (acoustics) #Amplitude #Bose–Einstein condensate #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Eigenvalues and eigenvectors #Floquet theory #Ground state #Optics #Physics #Quantum electrodynamics #Quantum mechanics #Random lasers and scattering media #State (computer science) #State of matter #Strong Light-Matter Interactions #cond-mat.quant-gas #quant-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396482-3.00010-7
published as Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics 61, 515-547 (2012) · 36 pages, 3 figures, Advance Atomic Molecular Physics in press
openalex publication_date 2012/01/01 · arxiv created 2012/03/08 · arxiv updated 2012/10/17 · openalex created_date 2021/02/01 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We analyze time-of-flight absorption images obtained with dilute Bose-Einstein con-densates released from shaken optical lattices, both theoretically and experimentally. We argue that weakly interacting, ultracold quantum gases in kilohertz-driven optical potentials constitute equilibrium systems characterized by a steady-state distri-bution of Floquet-state occupation numbers. Our experimental results consistently indicate that a driven ultracold Bose gas tends to occupy a single Floquet state, just as it occupies a single energy eigenstate when there is no forcing. When the driving amplitude is sufficiently high, the Floquet state possessing the lowest mean energy does not necessarily coincide with the Floquet state connected to the ground state of the undriven system. We observe strongly driven Bose gases to condense into the former state under such conditions, thus providing nontrivial examples of dressed matter waves.