2021/10/29 by Akihiro Imamura, Imamura, Akihiro, Nana Arizumi +1
Computer Science · #Advanced Neural Network Applications #Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning #Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) #Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning #FOS: Computer and information sciences #cs.CV
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2110.15644
openalex publication_date 2021/10/29 · arxiv created 2021/12/14 · arxiv updated 2021/12/15 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are remarkably successful in many computer vision tasks. However, the high cost of inference is problematic for embedded and real-time systems, so there are many studies on compressing the networks. On the other hand, recent advances in self-attention models showed that convolution filters are preferable to self-attention in the earlier layers, which indicates that stronger inductive biases are better in the earlier layers. As shown in convolutional filters, strong biases can train specific filters and construct unnecessarily filters to zero. This is analogous to classical image processing tasks, where choosing the suitable filters makes a compact dictionary to represent features. We follow this idea and incorporate Gabor filters in the earlier layers of CNNs for compression. The parameters of Gabor filters are learned through backpropagation, so the features are restricted to Gabor filters. We show that the first layer of VGG-16 for CIFAR-10 has 192 kernels/features, but learning Gabor filters requires an average of 29.4 kernels. Also, using Gabor filters, an average of 83% and 94% of kernels in the first and the second layer, respectively, can be removed on the altered ResNet-20, where the first five layers are exchanged with two layers of larger kernels for CIFAR-10.