2021/07/21 by D. Chirkin, Chirkin, Dmitry · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena #FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) #Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2107.10435
openalex publication_date 2021/07/21 · openalex created_date 2022/07/25 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
The optical sensors of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory are attached on\nvertical strings of cables. They were frozen into the ice in the deployment\nholes made by hot water drill. This hole ice, to the best of our knowledge,\nconsists of a bubbly central column, with the remainder of the re-frozen volume\nbeing optically clear. The bubbly ice often blocks one or several of the\ncalibration LEDs in every optical sensor and significantly distorts the angular\nprofile of the calibration light pulses. It also affects the sensors' response\nto in-coming photons at different locations and directions. We present our\nmodeling of the hole ice optical properties as well as optical sensor location\nand orientation within the hole ice. The shadowing effects of cable string and\npossible optical sensor tilt away from the nominal vertical alignment are also\ndiscussed.\n