1994/11/15 by Stuart G. Baker, Karen S. Lindeman · 4 citations
Medicine · #Anesthesia and Pain Management #Enhanced Recovery After Surgery #Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
paper · doi:10.1002/sim.4780132108
openalex publication_date 1994/11/15 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/06/11
The paired availability design (PAD) can reduce selection bias when it is not possible to randomize subjects. PAD consists of independent pairs of experimental and control groups. Within each pair, the intervention is the availability of treatment not its receipt. In the experimental group, the new treatment is made available to all subjects although some may not receive it. In the control group, the experimental treatment is generally not available to subjects although some may receive it in special circumstances. We present a statistic to test a null hypothesis that the receipt of intervention will increase response by a specified non-zero amount delta. We propose this design for use in a study of the effect of epidural analgesia on the rate of Caesarean section.