2011/03/01 by Yong Seung Cho, Soon-Tae Hong · 1 citation
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Classical mechanics #Congruence (geometry) #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Energy condition #Geodesic #Geodesics in general relativity #Geometry #Mathematical analysis #Mathematical physics #Mathematics #Nonlinear Waves and Solitons #Null (SQL) #Physics #Singularity #String theory #Theoretical physics #Twist #gr-qc
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.104040
published as Phys.Rev.D83:104040,2011 · 11 pages
arxiv created 2011/03/01 · openalex publication_date 2011/05/20 · arxiv updated 2011/06/02 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We study twist and shear aspects of the stingy geodesic surface congruence. Under some natural conditions we derive the equations of the twist and shear in terms of the expansion of the Universe. We observe in this higher dimensional cosmology that, as the early universe evolves with expansion rate, the twist of the stringy congruence decreases exponentially and the initial twist value should be large enough to sustain the rotations of the ensuing universe, while the effects of the shear are negligible to produce the isotropic and homogeneous universe. We also investigate the twist and shear of the geodesic surface congruence of the null strings.