2001/03/31 by N. W. Evans, Wyn Evans, Francesc Ferrer +2 · 36 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Active galactic nucleus #Astronomy #Astrophysics #Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena #Centaurus A #Cosmic ray #Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena #Dark matter #Dark matter halo #Galaxy #Galaxy cluster #Halo #Physics #Pierre Auger Observatory #Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology #Supermassive black hole #Virgo Cluster #astro-ph #hep-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1016/s0927-6505(01)00153-0
published in Astroparticle Physics 17(3), 319-340 (Elsevier BV) · 38 pages, 8 figures. This version is identical to the one in press at Astroparticle Physics
arxiv created 2001/07/04 · openalex publication_date 2002/06/01 · arxiv updated 2011/02/16 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) may originate from the decay of massive relic particles in the dark halo of the Galaxy, or they may be produced by supermassive black holes in the nuclei of nearby galaxies. The anisotropy in the arrival directions is studied in four dark halo models (cusped, isothermal, triaxial and tilted) and in four galaxy samples (galaxies intrinsically brighter than Centaurus A within 50 and 100 Mpc, and brighter than M32 within 50 and 100 Mpc). In decaying dark matter models, the amplitude of the anisotropy is controlled by the size of the Galactic halo, while the phase is controlled by the shape. In the northern hemisphere, the amplitude is about 0.5 for cusped haloes, but falls to roughly 0.3 for isothermal haloes. The phase points in the direction of the Galactic Centre, with deviations of up to 30 degrees possible for triaxial and tilted haloes. The effect of the halo of M31 is too weak to provide conclusive evidence for the decaying dark matter origin of UHECRs. In extragalactic models, samples of galaxies brighter than Centaurus A produce substantial anisotropies (roughly 1.8), much larger than the limits set by the available data. If all galaxies brighter than M32 contribute, then the anisotropy is more modest (roughly 0.5) and is directed toward mass concentrations in the supergalactic plane, like the Virgo cluster. Predictions are made for the southern hemisphere station of the Pierre Auger Observatory. If the UHECRs have a Galactic origin, then the phase points towards the Galactic Centre. If they have an extragalactic origin, then it points in the rough direction of the Fornax cluster. This provides an unambiguous discriminant and requires about 350-500 events at South Auger.