1993/08/24 by P T Landsberg, P. T. Landsberg, R. B. Mann +1
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Algebraic structures and combinatorial models #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Black hole (networking) #Black hole thermodynamics #Entropy (arrow of time) #Homogeneity (statistics) #Laws of thermodynamics #Non-equilibrium thermodynamics #Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories #Superadditivity #gr-qc
paper · pdf · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/10/11/020
published as Class.Quant.Grav.10:2373-2378,1993 · WATPHYS-TH93/05, Latex, 10 pgs. 1 figure (available on request), to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
arxiv created 1993/08/24 · openalex publication_date 1993/11/01 · arxiv updated 2010/04/06 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
For normal thermodynamic systems superadditivity S, homogeneity H and concavity C of the entropy hold, whereas for (3+1)-dimensional black holes the latter two properties are violated. We show that (1+1)-dimensional black holes exhibit qualitatively new types of thermodynamic behaviour, discussed here for the first time, in which C always holds, H is always violated and S may or may not be violated, depending on the magnitude of the black hole mass. Hence it is now seen that neither superadditivity nor concavity encapsulate the meaning of the second law in all situations.