Phases of dense quarks at large

2007/06/30 by Larry McLerran, Robert D. Pisarski · 744 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Baryon #Condensed matter physics #Gluon #Hadron #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Phase (matter) #Phase diagram #Phase transition #Physics #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #Quantum chromodynamics #Quantum mechanics #Quark #Quark–gluon plasma #hep-ph

paper · pdf · doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2007.08.013

published in Nuclear Physics A 796(1-4), 83-100 (Elsevier BV) · 23 pages, 2 figures, uses entcs macro. Minor changes in wording

arxiv created 2007/08/10 · openalex publication_date 2007/09/15 · arxiv updated 2010/04/06 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

In the limit of a large number of colors, N_c, we suggest that gauge theories can exhibit several distinct phases at nonzero temperature and quark density. Two are familiar: a cold, dilute phase of confined hadrons, where the pressure is ~ 1, and a hot phase of deconfined quarks and gluons, with pressure ~ N_c². When the quark chemical potential mu ~ 1, the deconfining transition temperature, T_d, is independent of mu. For T < T_d, as mu increases above the mass threshold, baryons quickly form a dense phase where the pressure is ~ N_c. As illustrated by a Skyrme crystal, chiral symmetry can be both spontaneously broken, and then restored, in the dense phase. While the pressure is ~ N_c, like that of (non-ideal) quarks, the dense phase is still confined, with interactions near the Fermi surface those of baryons, and not of quarks. Thus in the chirally symmetric region, baryons near the Fermi surface are parity doubled. We suggest possible implications for the phase diagram of QCD.

Citations

• Global aspects of current algebra
• A large Nc perspective on the QCD phase diagram
• Nuclear matter in the skyrme model
• QCD sign problem for small chemical potential
• Free energy of a static quark-antiquark pair and the renormalized Polyakov loop in three flavor QCD
• Revised phase diagram of the Gross-Neveu model
• Chiral-Symmetry Realization for Even- and Odd-Parity Baryon Resonances
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• QCD in one dimension at nonzero chemical potential
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• Thermodynamics of large-NfQCD at finite chemical potential
• Isentropic equation of state of 2-flavor QCD
• A note on anomaly matching for finite density QCD
• Crystallography of three-flavor quark matter
• Behaviour of the topological susceptibility in two colour QCD across the finite density transition
• Phase diagram of neutral quark matter: Self-consistent treatment of quark masses
• Fuzzy Bags and Wilson Lines
• Transition temperature in QCD
• Alternative Experimental Evidence for Chiral Restoration in Excited Baryons
• Analytical solution of the Gross-Neveu model at finite density
• A planar diagram theory for strong interactions
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• Chiral Symmetry of Baryons
• Polyakov loop in different representations of SU(3) at finite temperature
• Induced Universal Properties and Deconfinement
• Symmetric Skyrmions

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• Moat regimes within a 2+1 flavor Polyakov-quark-meson model
• Extensive studies of the neutron star equation of state from the deep learning inference with the observational data augmentation
• Treating quarks within neutron stars
• Polyakov SU(3) extended linear-σmodel: Sixteen mesonic states in chiral phase structure
• Condensates and pressure of two-flavor chiral perturbation theory at nonzero isospin and temperature
• Excluded-volume model for quarkyonic matter: Three-flavor baryon-quark mixture
• No-Go Theorem for Critical Phenomena in Large-NcQCD
• Isospin properties of quark matter from a 3-flavor NJL model
• Anatomy of the sign-problem in heavy-dense QCD
• Combined chiral and diquark fluctuations along QCD critical line and enhanced baryon production with parity doubling
• Nonzero tensor condensates in cold quark matter within the three-flavor Nambu–Jona–Lasinio model with the Kobayashi–Maskawa–’t Hooft interaction
• Entropy development in ideal relativistic fluid dynamics with the Bag Model equation of state
• Baryonic matter and beyond
• Hard-core deconfinement and soft-surface delocalization from nuclear to quark matter
• QCD-like theories at nonzero temperature and density
• Dilatons in hidden local symmetry for hadrons in dense matter
• The phase diagram of hadronic matter
• Quark number fluctuations at finite temperature and finite chemical potential via the Dyson-Schwinger equation approach
• Quarkyonic chiral spirals
• Thermal quarks and gluon propagators in two-color dense QCD
• Quarkyonic phase in dense two color matter
• Rotor Jackiw-Rebbi Model: A Cold-Atom Approach to Chiral Symmetry Restoration and Charge Confinement

Related

• Thermodynamics of dense matter in chiral approaches
• Large N_c QCD phase diagram at μ_B = 0
• The phase diagram of dense QCD
• Confinement and Chiral Symmetry in a dense Matter
• New phases in QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential