Experimental Observation of Oscillating and Interacting Matter Wave Dark Solitons

2008/03/31 by Andreas Weller, A. Weller, J. P. Ronzheimer +9 · 305 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Bose–Einstein condensate #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Crossover #Dark matter #Matter wave #Nonlinear system #Oscillation (cell signaling) #Particle physics #Physics #Quantum electrodynamics #Quantum mechanics #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics #Soliton #Strong Light-Matter Interactions #cond-mat.other #quant-ph

paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.101.130401

published in Physical Review Letters 101(13), 130401 (American Physical Society) · 5 pages, 3 figures

arxiv created 2008/06/10 · openalex publication_date 2008/09/22 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

We report on the generation, subsequent oscillation and interaction of a pair of matter-wave dark solitons. These are created by releasing a Bose-Einstein condensate from a double well potential into a harmonic trap in the crossover regime between one dimension and three dimensions. Multiple oscillations and collisions of the solitons are observed, in quantitative agreement with simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. An effective particle picture is developed and confirms that the deviation of the observed oscillation frequencies from the asymptotic prediction nu(z)/sqrt 2, where nu(z) is the longitudinal trapping frequency, results from the dimensionality of the system and the soliton interactions.

Citations

• Effective wave equations for the dynamics of cigar-shaped and disk-shaped Bose condensates
• Watching Dark Solitons Decay into Vortex Rings in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Oscillations and interactions of dark and dark–bright solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates
• Picosecond steps and dark pulses through nonlinear single mode fibers

Cited by

• Solitons and Their Ghosts in PT -Symmetric Systems with Defocusing Nonlinearities
• Dissipative transport of a Bose-Einstein condensate
• Transitions from order to disorder in multiple dark and multiple dark-bright soliton atomic clouds
• Dark-soliton-like excitations in the Yang–Gaudin gas of attractively interacting fermions
• Non-thermal fixed point in a holographic superfluid
• Dark solitons in a trapped gas of long-range interacting bosons
• Dynamics and modulation of ring dark solitons in two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with tunable interaction
• Dark spherical shell solitons in three-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates: Existence, stability, and dynamics
• Dark soliton decay due to trap anharmonicity in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
• Emergence of dark soliton signatures in a one-dimensional unpolarized attractive Fermi gas on a ring
• Adiabatic invariant analysis of dark and dark-bright soliton stripes in two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates
• Shock waves in quasi one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate
• Stability and collapse of localized solutions of the controlled three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation
• Heavy solitons in a fermionic superfluid
• Coherent atomic soliton molecules for matter-wave switching
• Dark-dark-soliton dynamics in two density-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• Interplay of solitons and radiation in one-dimensional Bose gases
• Controlled generation of dark-bright soliton complexes in two-component and spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Two types of elliptic dark soliton solutions for the Hirota equation
• Collisional-inhomogeneity-induced generation of matter-wave dark solitons

Related

• Dark solitons in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates: from theory to experiments
• Oscillations and interactions of dark and dark–bright solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates
• Crossover dark soliton dynamics in ultracold one-dimensional Bose gases
• Interference properties of two-component matter wave solitons
• Gravitational Wave Duet by Resonating Binary Black Holes within Ultralight Dark Matter