LEPTOGENESIS AS THE ORIGIN OF MATTER

2005/02/28 by W. Buchmüller, W. Buchmuller, R. D. Peccei +2 · 57 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena #Neutrino Physics Research #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #astro-ph #hep-ph #hep-th

paper · pdf · doi:10.1146/annurev.nucl.55.090704.151558

published as Ann.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci.55:311-355,2005 · 53 pages, minor corrections, one figure and references added, matches published version

openalex publication_date 2005/08/18 · arxiv created 2006/03/08 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

▪ Abstract We explore in some detail the hypothesis that the generation of a primordial lepton-antilepton asymmetry (Leptogenesis) early on in the history of the Universe is the root cause for the origin of matter. After explaining the theoretical conditions for producing a matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe we detail how, through sphaleron processes, it is possible to transmute a lepton asymmetry—or, more precisely, a (B – L)-asymmetry—into a baryon asymmetry. Because Leptogenesis depends in detail on properties of the neutrino spectrum, we review briefly existing experimental information on neutrinos as well as the seesaw mechanism, which offers a theoretical understanding of why neutrinos are so light. The bulk of the review is devoted to a discussion of thermal Leptogenesis, and we show that for the neutrino spectrum suggested by oscillation experiments, one obtains the observed value for the baryon to photon density ratio in the Universe, independently of any initial boundary conditions. In the latter part of the review we consider how well Leptogenesis fits with particle physics models of dark matter. Although axionic dark matter and Leptogenesis can be very naturally linked, there is a potential clash between Leptogenesis and models of supersymmetric dark matter because the high temperature needed for Leptogenesis leads to an overproduction of gravitinos, which alter the standard predictions of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. This problem can be resolved, but it constrains the supersymmetric spectrum at low energies and the nature of the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). Finally, as an illustration of possible other options for the origin of matter, we discuss the possibility that Leptogenesis may occur as a result of non-thermal processes.

Citations

• Quantum mechanics of baryogenesis
• A simple solution to the strong CP problem with a harmless axion
• First‐Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) Observations: Preliminary Maps and Basic Results
• Cosmological parameter analysis including SDSS Lyαforest and galaxy bias: Constraints on the primordial spectrum of fluctuations, neutrino mass, and dark energy
• Finite temperature effects onCP-violating asymmetries
• Evidence for neutrino oscillations from the observation ofν¯eappearance in aν¯μbeam
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (in "The Review of Particle Properties" 2004)
• On anomalous electroweak baryon-number non-conservation in the early universe
• New Experimental Limit on the Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron

Cited by

• CPT-Symmetric Universe
• Affleck–Dine leptogenesis via multiscalar evolution in a supersymmetric seesaw model
• Connecting (supersymmetry) CERN LHC measurements with high scale theories
• COMMON ORIGIN OF NEUTRINO MASS, DARK MATTER, AND BARYOGENESIS
• Gravitino-overproduction problem in an inflationary universe
• The Polonyi problem and upper bound on inflation scale in supergravity
• Common origin of visible and dark universe
• Unanswered Questions in the Electroweak Theory
• Resonant Dirac leptogenesis on throats
• Testing the anomaly mediation at the LHC
• Reheating in supersymmetric high scale inflation
• Chern-Simons anomaly as polarization effect
• The little review on leptogenesis
• Neutrinoless double beta-decay
• Mixing of active and sterile neutrinos
• Probing light nonthermal dark matter at the LHC
• Mass of decaying wino from AMS-02 2014
• Cosmological selection of multi-TeV supersymmetry
• Possible signals of wino LSP at the Large Hadron Collider
• Anomaly-induced inflaton decay and gravitino-overproduction problem
• Flavour covariant transport equations: An application to resonant leptogenesis
• Little inflation at the cosmological QCD phase transition
• The Higgs: so simple yet so unnatural
• Bino-Higgsino mixed dark matter in a focus point gaugino mediation
• Shadow fermions, messenger scalars and leptogenesis
• Dark matter candidates in a visible heavy QCD axion model
• Nonequilibrium dynamics of scalar fields in a thermal bath
• nEXO: neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond 10 28 year half-life sensitivity
• Fermi-ball dark matter from a first-order phase transition
• Prospects for determination of thermal history after inflation with future gravitational wave detectors
• Relaxing the cosmological moduli problem by low-scale inflation
• Non-minimally gravity-coupled inflationary models
• Extension of a radiative neutrino mass model based on a cosmological viewpoint
• Testing the nature of neutrinos from four-body τ decays
• Large lepton asymmetry for small baryon asymmetry and warm dark matter
• Evidence of the big fix
• Commutators of lepton mass matrices associated with the seesaw and leptogenesis mechanisms
• Low-scale leptogenesis with minimal lepton flavor violation
• A complete calculation for direct detection of Wino dark matter
• Low scale leptogenesis and TM₁ mixing in neutrinophillic two Higgs doublet model(ν2HDM) with S4 flavor symmetry
• Asymmetric dark matter, inflation, and leptogenesis from B−L symmetry breaking
• Some necessary conditions for allowing the PQ scale as high as M GUT in SUSY models with an axino or neutralino LSP
• Common origin ofμ−τandCPbreaking in the neutrino seesaw, baryon asymmetry, and hidden flavor symmetry
• Left-right symmetric model for neutrino masses, baryon asymmetry, and dark matter
• Neutrino masses, Baryon asymmetry, dark matter and the moduli problem — A complete framework
• Leptogenesis via the 750 GeV pseudoscalar
• Light Higgs boson scenario in the supersymmetric seesaw model
• Annihilating leptogenesis
• Resonant leptogenesis and a verifiable seesaw model from large extra dimensions
• Baryogenesis and asymmetric dark matter from the left–right mirror symmetric model
• Revisiting gravitino dark matter in thermal leptogenesis
• Particle asymmetries from quantum statistics
• Neutrino mixing and leptogenesis inμ−τsymmetry
• Probing the scale of grand unification with gravitational waves
• Search for two-neutrino double electron capture on 124Xe with the XMASS-I detector
• Survey of lepton number violation via effective operators
• Gravitational Baryogenesis in Extended Proca-Nuevo Gravity