2005/07/13 by K. Xu, Y. Liu, J. R. Abo-Shaeer +9 · 58 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Frequency and Time Standards #Atomic physics #Bose–Einstein condensate #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Condensed matter physics #Lattice (music) #Mott insulator #Optical lattice #Phase transition #Physics #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics #Superfluidity #Trapping #cond-mat.other
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physreva.72.043604
published in Physical Review A 72(4) (American Physical Society) · Figures somewhat compromised due to size reduction
arxiv created 2005/07/13 · openalex publication_date 2005/10/10 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
The phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator has been observed in a 23Na Bose-Einstein condensate. A dye laser detuned \ensuremath≈5\phantom\rule0.3em0exnm red of the Na 32S\ensuremath→32P1∕2 transition was used to form the three-dimensional optical lattice. The heating effects of the small detuning as well as the three-body decay processes constrained the time scale of the experiment. Certain lattice detunings were found to induce a large loss of atoms. These loss features were shown to be due to photoassociation of atoms to vibrational levels in the Na2\phantom\rule0.3em0ex(1)3\ensuremathΣg+ state.