2003/08/18 by Xin-Zhou Li, Xin-zhou Li, Jiangang Hao +1 · 17 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Anisotropy #Astrophysics #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Classical mechanics #Cosmology #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Dark energy #De Sitter universe #Flatness (cosmology) #Flatness problem #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena #Homogeneous #Instability #Metric expansion of space #Observable #Observable universe #Physics #Quantum mechanics #Statistical physics #Steady State theory #Theoretical physics #Universe #astro-ph #gr-qc #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevd.68.083512
published in Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields 68(8) (American Physical Society) · 8 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
arxiv created 2003/08/18 · openalex publication_date 2003/10/30 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
In this paper, by analyzing the instability against spatially homogeneous and anisotropic perturbations of the Kantowski-Sachs type during different cosmological epochs, we show that it is a theoretical consequence of general relativity that the KS universe must be open or flat if it underwent a matter-dominated and/or radiation-dominated era in its past evolution, which theoretically confirms the flatness of our observable Universe.