Depression and learned helplessness in man.
1975/06/01 by William R. Miller, Martin E. P. Seligman, Martin E. Seligman · 27 citations
Psychology · #Mental Health Research Topics #Behavioral and Psychological Studies #Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
paper · doi:10.1037/h0076720
Abstract
Similarity of impairment in naturally occurring depression and laboratory-induced, learned helplessness was demonstrated in college students. Three groups each of depressed and nondepressed students were exposed to escapable, inescapable, or no noise. Then they were tested on a series of 20 patterned anagrams. Depressed no noise subjects were much poorer at solving individual anagrams and seeing the pattern than aondepressed no noise subjects. Inescapable noise produced parallel deficits in nondepressed subjects relative to escapable or no noise, but inescapable noise did not increase impairment in depressed subjects. These findings support the learned helplessness model of depression, which claims that a belief in independence between responding and reinforcement is central to the etiology, symptoms, and cure of reactive depression.
Citations
Cited by
- Origins and consequences of mood flexibility: a computational perspective
- Learned helplessness in humans: A review and attribution-theory model.
- Linking automatic evaluation to mood and information processing style: consequences for experienced affect, impression formation, and stereotyping. [europepmc]
- Fast left prefrontal rTMS acutely suppresses analgesic effects of perceived controllability on the emotional component of pain experience. [europepmc]
- Computational psychiatry. [europepmc]
- 17β Estradiol increases resilience and improves hippocampal synaptic function in helpless ovariectomized rats. [europepmc]
- Translational studies of goal-directed action as a framework for classifying deficits across psychiatric disorders. [europepmc]
- Functional Dependence and Mortality in the International Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). [europepmc]
- Exposure to Unsolvable Anagrams Impairs Performance on the Iowa Gambling Task. [europepmc]
- A Reward-Based Framework of Perceived Control. [europepmc]
- Coping with diabetes: Provider attributes that influence type 2 diabetes adherence. [europepmc]
- Child and Adolescent Depression: A Review of Theories, Evaluation Instruments, Prevention Programs, and Treatments. [europepmc]
- Dissociable neural signatures of passive extinction and instrumental control over threatening events. [europepmc]
- Prevention of COVID-19 in Internally Displaced Persons Camps in War-Torn North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Mixed-Methods Study. [europepmc]
- Criminal victimization, cognitive social capital and mental health in an urban region in Germany: a path analysis. [europepmc]
- Victimization in traditional and cyberbullying as risk factors for substance use, self-harm and suicide attempts in high school students. [europepmc]
- Assessing the relationship between the human learned helplessness depression model and anhedonia. [europepmc]
- Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders. [europepmc]
- Internality and the internalisation of failure: Evidence from a novel task. [europepmc]
- Within- and across-day patterns of interplay between depressive symptoms and related psychopathological processes: a dynamic network approach during the COVID-19 pandemic. [europepmc]
- From low sense of control to problematic smartphone use severity during Covid-19 outbreak: The mediating role of fear of missing out and the moderating role of repetitive negative thinking. [europepmc]
- Relationship between sense of control, psychological burden, sources of information and adherence to anti-COVID-19 rules. [europepmc]
- Encore: Behavioural animal models of stress, depression and mood disorders. [europepmc]
- A revitalized biopsychosocial model: core theory, research paradigms, and clinical implications. [europepmc]
- The effect of students' effort-reward imbalance on learning engagement: the mediating role of learned helplessness and the moderating role of social support. [europepmc]
- Rodent tests of depression and anxiety: Construct validity and translational relevance. [europepmc]
- Depressive symptoms mediate the longitudinal relationships between sleep quality and cognitive functions among older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A cross-lagged modeling analysis. [europepmc]
Related