2009/12/01 by Barry Cannon · 1 citation
Social Sciences · #Globalization and Cultural Identity #Populism, Right-Wing Movements
paper · doi:10.7228/manchester/9780719077715.003.0009
openalex publication_date 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
This book has grouped a number of central questions into four central pillars—the ‘four Cs’: context, causes, characteristics and consequences. Hence, the book asked: What were the contexts in which Hugo Chávez emerged? What were the immediate causes of his emergence? What policies have been implemented—in other words what are the characteristics of chavismo? And finally, what consequences is chavismo having on Venezuela? This book has also examined the socioeconomic policies of the Chávez regime to show the extent to which Chávez has departed from established globalisation processes, so gaining legitimacy and establishing hegemony; the relative levels of democracy and authoritarianism found in the Chávez presidency; and Venezuela's foreign policy placing it within Anthony Payne's theory of the ‘global politics of unequal development’. Finally, the book has argued that populism is a key explanatory concept for understanding politics in Latin America but that it is imperative to place the national context within the wider international structure in order to fully understand the phenomenon.