2003/07/31 by Elias C. Vagenas, ELIAS C. VAGENAS · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Black hole (networking) #Charged black hole #Cosmological constant #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Energy condition #Energy–momentum relation #Gravitation #Momentum (technical analysis) #Null (SQL) #Rotating black hole #astro-ph #gr-qc #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1142/s0217751x03016823
published as Int.J.Mod.Phys. A18 (2003) 5949-5963 · 19 pages, LaTeX, v3: references added, to appear in Int.J.Mod.Phys.A
arxiv created 2003/08/22 · openalex publication_date 2003/12/30 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Using Einstein, Landau–Lifshitz, Papapetrou and Weinberg energy–momentum complexes, we explicitly evaluate the energy and momentum distributions associated with a nonstatic and circularly symmetric three-dimensional space–time. The gravitational background under study is an exact solution of Einstein's equations in the presence of a cosmological constant and a null fluid. It can be regarded as the three-dimensional analogue of the Vaidya metric and represents a nonstatic spinless (2+1)-dimensional black hole with an outflux of null radiation. All four above-mentioned prescriptions give exactly the same energy and momentum distributions for the specific black hole background. Therefore, the results obtained here provide evidence in support of the claim that for a given gravitational background, different energy–momentum complexes can give identical results in three dimensions. Furthermore, in the limit of zero cosmological constant, the results presented here reproduce those obtained by Virbhadra. He utilized the Landau–Lifshitz energy–momentum complex for the same (2+1)-dimensional black hole background in the absence of a cosmological constant.