2025/08/24 by Wenjie Hu, Jiayi Gong, Hu, Wenjie +9
Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Physical sciences #Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) #Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) #cond-mat.mtrl-sci #cond-mat.str-el
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.17268
published as Phys. Rev. B 113, L201111 (2026) · 7 pages, 4 figures
arxiv created 2025/08/24 · arxiv updated 2026/08/03
Quasi-one-dimensional bismuth halides offer an exceptional platform for exploring diverse topological phases, yet the nature of the room-temperature topological phase transition in Bi4I4 remains unresolved. While theory predicts the high-temperature β-phase to be a strong topological insulator (TI), experiments observe a weak TI. Here we resolve this discrepancy by revealing the critical but previously overlooked role of electron-phonon coupling in driving the topological phase transition. Using our newly developed ab initio framework for phonon-induced band renormalization, we show that thermal phonons alone drive β-Bi4I4 from the strong TI predicted by static-lattice calculations to a weak TI above ~180 K. At temperatures where β-Bi4I4 is stable, it is a weak TI with calculated surface states closely match experimental results, thereby reconciling theory with experiment. Our work establishes electron-phonon renormalization as essential for determining topological phases and provides a broadly applicable approach for predicting topological materials at finite temperatures.