2004/10/14 by David E. 1938-2021 Luscombe, Rosamond McKitterick, E. James +1 · 8 citations
Arts and Humanities · Physics and Astronomy · #Historical Astronomy and Related Studies #Historical and Architectural Studies #Historical, Religious, and Philosophical Studies
paper · doi:10.1017/chol9780521414111
openalex publication_date 2004/10/14 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/30
The fourth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the eleventh and twelfth centuries, which comprised perhaps the most dynamic period in the European middle ages. This is a history of Europe, but the continent is interpreted widely to include the Near East and North Africa. The volume is divided into two parts of which this, the second, deals with the course of events - ecclesiastical and secular - and major developments in an age marked by the transformation of the position of the papacy in a process fuelled by a radical reformation of the church, the decline of the western and eastern empires, the rise of western kingdoms and Italian elites, and the development of governmental structures, the beginnings of the recovery of Spain from the Moors and the establishment of western settlements in the eastern Mediterranean region in the wake of the crusades.