1996/05/06 by Beverly J. Smith, P. M. Harvey · 30 citations
Engineering · Physics and Astronomy · #Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation #Astronomy #Astronomy and Astrophysical Research #Astrophysics #Bulge #Elliptical galaxy #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena #Galaxy #Infrared #Luminous infrared galaxy #Physics #Spiral galaxy #Star formation #astro-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1086/177677
published in The Astrophysical Journal 468, 139 (IOP Publishing) · 45 pages, to appear in Ap.J. vol. 468 (Sept. 1996). 17 postscript figures and 10 postscript tables available at ftp://ipac.caltech.edu/science/bsmith/kao
arxiv created 1996/05/06 · openalex publication_date 1996/09/01 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We present new high spatial resolution Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO) 50 micron and/or 100 micron data for 11 infrared-bright galaxies. The sizes of the central far-infrared-emitting regions in three of these galaxies, NGC 660, NGC 891, and M83, agree with those of the central star formation complexes. The Sb galaxy NGC 7331, which does not have observed star formation in its bulge, has a flat-topped 100 micron major axis profile that covers the bulge and inner spiral arms, without a bright central peak or pronounced depression. The remaining seven galaxies, all of which are known to have strong nuclear or circumnuclear star formation, are unresolved or marginally resolved with the KAO, with far- infrared source size limits consistent with the sizes of the central star formation complexes. Along with these new data, we have tabulated previously published KAO data for 11 other galaxies and IRAS 60 and 100 micron data for the bulges of the large angular size galaxies M31 and M81. From the literature, we have compiled optical, near-infrared, and millimeter measurements for the central regions of the entire set of 24 galaxies. We have used this data set to investigate dust heating and star formation in the central areas of galaxies. We find that L(FIR)/L(B) and L(FIR)/L(H) correlate with CO (1-0) intensity and 100 micron optical depth. Galaxies with optical or near-infrared signatures of OB star formation in their central regions have higher values of I(CO) and τ100_ than more quiescent galaxies, as well as higher far-infrared surface brightnesses and L(FIR)/L(B) and L(FIR)/L(H) ratios. The L(FIR)/L(Hα) ratio does not correlate strongly with CO and τ100_. These data are consistent with a scenario in which OB stars dominate dust heating in the more active galaxies and older stars are important for the more quiescent bulges. Whether or not a galaxy bulge has strong star formation may be decided by a threshold effect; star-forming galaxies have surface gas densities above the Kennicutt critical density, while quiescent galaxies have lower values.