1994/02/25 by Xiao-Gang Wen
Chemistry · Physics and Astronomy · #Chemistry #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Condensed matter physics #Electron #Impurity #Matrix (chemical analysis) #Physics #Quantum and electron transport phenomena #Quantum mechanics #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics #Scattering #cond-mat
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevb.50.5420
published as Phys. Rev. B, 50, 5420 (1994) · 16 pages, plain TeX + epsf (for figures), 4 figures
arxiv created 1994/02/25 · openalex publication_date 1994/08/15 · arxiv updated 2009/11/30 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
We studied low-energy effects of impurities in several chiral one-dimensional (1D) electron systems that contain only excitations moving in one direction. We first considered single-impurity scattering between two branches of 1D chiral Luttinger liquids. The general form of the impurity-scattering matrix was found which, sometimes, allows the chemical potentials on the outgoing branches to be higher (or lower) than the maximum (or minimum) chemical potentials on the incoming branches. We also studied the effects of many impurities (with finite density) on two branches of 1D chiral Fermi liquids (that appear on the edge of the \ensuremathν=2 integral quantum Hall liquid). We found that the impurities drive the system to a fix point at low energies which has an SU(2) symmetry even when the two branches originally have different velocities. [Note that a clean system is SU(2) symmetric only when the two branches have the same velocity.] The probability distribution and correlation of scattering matrices at different energies are described by universal functions which are calculated exactly for this fixed point.