2023/08/10 by Liu, Ao-Xiang, Ma-Cheng Yang, Yang, Ma-Cheng +2
Computer Science · Physics and Astronomy · #FOS: Physical sciences #Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture #Quantum Information and Cryptography #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2308.05690
openalex publication_date 2023/08/10 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
We derive by lattice theory a universal quantum certainty relation for arbitrary M observables in N-dimensional system, which provides a state-independent maximum lower bound on the direct-sum of the probability vectors in terms of majorization relation. While the utmost lower bound coincides with (1/N,...,1/N) for any two observables with orthogonal bases, the majorization certainty relation for M\geqslant3 is shown to be nontrivial. The universal majorization bounds for three mutually complementary observables and a more general set of observables in dimension-2 are achieved. It is found that one cannot prepare a quantum state with probability vectors of incompatible observables spreading out arbitrarily. Moreover, we also explore the connections between quantum uncertainty and quantum coherence, and obtain a complementary relation for the quantum coherence as well, which characterizes a trade-off relation of quantum coherence with different bases and is illustrated by an explicit example.