The Thermal Regulation of Gravitational Instabilities in Protoplanetary Disks. III. Simulations with Radiative Cooling and Realistic Opacities

2006/07/06 by Aaron C. Boley, A. C. Boley, A. C. Mejia +9 · 7 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies #Gravitation #Gravitational collapse #Gravitational instability #Opacity #Protoplanetary disk #Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research #Radiative cooling #Radiative transfer #Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies #Thermal #Thermal radiation #astro-ph

paper · pdf · doi:10.1086/507478

published as Astrophys.J.651:517-534,2006 · 45 pages, 17 figures; submitted to ApJ

arxiv created 2006/07/06 · openalex publication_date 2006/10/27 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

This paper presents a fully three-dimensional radiative hydrodymanics simulation with realistic opacities for a gravitationally unstable 0.07 M ☉ disk around a 0.5 M ☉ star. We address the following aspects of disk evolution: the strength of gravitational instabilities under realistic cooling, mass transport in the disk that arises from GIs, comparisons between the gravitational and Reynolds stresses measured in the disk and those expected in an α-disk, and comparisons between the SED derived for the disk and SEDs derived from observationally determined parameters. The mass transport in this disk is dominated by global modes, and the cooling times are too long to permit fragmentation for all radii. Moreover, our results suggest a plausible explanation for the FU Ori outburst phenomenon.

Citations

• The size distribution of interstellar grains
• Dynamics of Circumstellar Disks. II. Heating and Cooling
• The distribution of mass in the planetary system and solar nebula
• Nonlinear Outcome of Gravitational Instability in Disks with Realistic Cooling
• Waves and instabilities in a differentially rotating disc containing a poloidal magnetic field
• A powerful local shear instability in weakly magnetized disks. I - Linear analysis. II - Nonlinear evolution
• The Planet‐Metallicity Correlation

Cited by

• Gravitational Instabilities, Chondrule Formation, and the FU Orionis Phenomenon
• Conditions of Gravitational Instability in Protoplanetary Disks
• Characterizing gravito-turbulence in 3D: turbulent properties and stability against fragmentation
• Introducing a hybrid radiative transfer method for smoothed particle hydrodynamics
• Flux‐limited Diffusion Approximation Models of Giant Planet Formation by Disk Instability
• THE STRUCTURE OF A SELF-GRAVITATING PROTOPLANETARY DISK AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DIRECT IMAGING OBSERVATIONS
• The Fragmentation Criteria in Local Vertically Stratified Self-gravitating Disk Simulations