1998/06/30 by Kamiokande Collaboration, S. Hatakeyama, T. Hara +46 · 140 citations
Chemistry · Physics and Astronomy · #Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena #Chemistry #Detector #Flux (metallurgy) #Muon #Neutrino #Neutrino Physics Research #Neutrino oscillation #Nuclear physics #Optics #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Physics #Solar neutrino #Super-Kamiokande #Zenith #hep-ex
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.81.2016
published in Physical Review Letters 81(10), 2016-2019 (American Physical Society) · 9 pages with 3 eps figures, uses psfig.sty and revtex, submitted to PRL
arxiv created 1998/06/30 · openalex publication_date 1998/09/01 · arxiv updated 2009/11/30 · openalex created_date 2017/03/16 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/08
The flux of upward through-going muons of minimum (mean) threshold energy >1.6 (3.0) GeV is measured, based on a total of 372 events observed by the Kamiokande II+III detector during 2456 detector live days. The observed muon flux was \ensuremathΦobs\phantom\rule0ex0ex=\phantom\rule0ex0ex[1.94\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.10(stat.)_\ensuremath-0.06+0.07sys.)]\ifmmode×\else\texttimes\fi10^\ensuremath-13cm^\ensuremath-2s^\ensuremath-1sr^\ensuremath-1, which is compared to an expected value of \ensuremathΦtheo\phantom\rule0ex0ex=\phantom\rule0ex0ex[2.46\ifmmode±\else\textpm\fi0.54(theo.)]\ifmmode×\else\texttimes\fi10^\ensuremath-13cm^\ensuremath-2s^\ensuremath-1sr^\ensuremath-1. The observation is in agreement with the prediction within the errors. The zenith-angle dependence of the observed upward through-going muons supports the previous indication of neutrino oscillations made by Kamiokande using sub- and multi-GeV atmospheric neutrino events.