2007/12/30 by S. Graser, S. Gräser, P. J. Hirschfeld +1
Materials Science · Physics and Astronomy · #Iron-based superconductors research #Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism #Quantum and electron transport phenomena #cond-mat.supr-con
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevb.77.184504
published as Phys. Rev. B 77, 184504 (2008) · 18 pages, 15 figures
arxiv created 2007/12/30 · openalex publication_date 2008/05/06 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements find that the surface of Bi-2212 is characterized by nanoscale sized regions, ``gap patches,'' which have different magnitudes for the d-wave energy gap \ensuremathΔ0(r). Recent studies have shown that the tunneling conductance can be fitted using a BCS-type density of states for a d-wave superconductor with a local quasiparticle scattering rate. The fit is made with a scattering rate which varies linearly with energy and has a slope \ensuremathα(r) that is positively correlated with the local value of the gap. We consider first the question of what is actually measured in such an experiment. To this end, we revisit a model of quasiparticle scattering by impurities and spin fluctuations which was previously used to describe the lifetimes of nodal quasiparticles measured by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). We argue that the broadening of the local density of states is determined, except in the case of localized impurity bound states, by the imaginary part of the self-energy of the system averaged over a small region. The size of this region is set by a mean free path which depends on the energy. At low energies, this region is found to be significantly larger than a gap ``patch,'' so that the density of states measured by STS is homogeneous in this energy range. At higher energies where the mean free path is comparable with the patch size, the density of states is inhomogeneous. We show that a local self-energy in the impurity-plus-spin fluctuation model, while not strictly linear, yields a local density of states nearly identical to the full theory, and we argue that it is consistent with the STS data as well as the phenomenological linear scattering rate extracted from experiment. We also explore the qualitative consequences of this phenomenology for the spectral widths observed in ARPES and predict the existence of Fermi arcs in the superconducting state.