2005/12/31 by Pieter Kok, W. J. Munro, Kae Nemoto +3 · 14 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #quant-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.79.135
published as Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 135 (2007). · 41 pages, 37 figures, many small changes, added references, and improved discussion on error correction and fault tolerance
arxiv created 2006/03/14 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01
Linear optics with photon counting is a prominent candidate for practical quantum computing. The protocol by Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn [Nature 409, 46 (2001)] explicitly demonstrates that efficient scalable quantum computing with single photons, linear optical elements, and projective measurements is possible. Subsequently, several improvements on this protocol have started to bridge the gap between theoretical scalability and practical implementation. We review the original theory and its improvements, and we give a few examples of experimental two-qubit gates. We discuss the use of realistic components, the errors they induce in the computation, and how these errors can be corrected.