2023/11/03 by Amr Ahmed, Gabriel M. Rebeiz
Engineering · #Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design #Microwave Engineering and Waveguides #Full-Duplex Wireless Communications
paper · doi:10.1109/tmtt.2023.3327884
This article presents a wideband mm-wave passive harmonic rejection mixer (HRM) operating at 8 to 30 GHz. Resistive scaling is used to maintain high mixer linearity while rejecting the third and fifth harmonic foldings. The clock generation circuit employs a passive two-stage polyphase filter (PPF) followed by a phase interpolator capacitor divider circuit to generate the eight-phases, which eliminates clock dividers and results in efficient operation up to 30 GHz. Furthermore, the clocks are designed with overlapping 50% duty cycle, and mixer cell-to-cell isolation is achieved using a Wilkinson network in the radio frequency (RF) path. This novel design results in mm-wave operation with wide instantaneous bandwidth and greatly reduced LO power consumption. The HRM is fabricated in Global Foundries 45RFSOI CMOS process and has a measured conversion loss of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">-</tex-math> </inline-formula> 12.5 to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">-</tex-math> </inline-formula> 15.5 dB at 8–30 GHz with an instantaneous IF bandwidth of up to 8 GHz. A harmonic rejection ratio (HRR) of 27–45 dB is measured across the entire bandwidth for the second, third and fifth harmonics. The measured input P1dB and IP3 are 4.2–7 and 14.2–16.2 dBm, respectively, at 8–30 GHz. The harmonic rejection is further seen in the mixer spur table, with measured spurs of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">-</tex-math> </inline-formula> 70, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">-</tex-math> </inline-formula> 70, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">-</tex-math> </inline-formula> 60 dBm for the (2, 2), (2, 3) and (3, 3) spur for an LO frequency of 10 GHz, IF of 0.5 GHz and input signal power of 0 dBm. The total power consumption of the mixer is 200–390 mW at 8–30 GHz. This mixer is suitable for high linearity mm-wave 5G systems and wideband receivers and can be easily scaled to 20–50 GHz with similar low power consumption.