2026/08/03 by Zhaoyu Liu, Ruikang Li, Liu Cao +3
Engineering · Computer Science · #eess.SY #cs.SY
This work has been accepted to the 2026 IEEE Global Communications Conference: Green Communication Systems and Networks.6 pages,4 figures,conference paper
arxiv created 2026/08/03 · arxiv updated 2026/08/04
Passive overlay communication for batteryless devices is an important enabling capability for next-generation vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. However, enabling reliable passive payload delivery without occupying additional spectrum remains challenging, since overlay signaling must be embedded into short and time-varying vehicular packets while preserving the decodability of the legacy host transmission. This paper investigates a packetized batteryless V2X overlay architecture in which a dedicated short-range communications (DSRC)-based packet simultaneously carries conventional V2X data and a passive overlay payload. A compact PHY-layer model is developed to characterize the coupled effects of attenuation depth, embedded-bit rate, and legacy modulation and coding scheme (MCS) on host-link and passive-link reliability, as well as packet-level embedding feasibility. We then formulate a sum-throughput maximization problem that jointly accounts for the legacy packet error rate and passive decoding error rate. We further propose a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL)-based adaptive parameter-selection method. Simulation results show that the proposed MARL controller achieves stable convergence and improves the average throughput by 15%, demonstrating the effectiveness of throughput-driven PHY adaptation for batteryless V2X overlay communications.