2024/09/26 by Bo‐Wen Shen, Leena R. Pade, Péter Nemes · 1 voice
Chemistry · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Engineering · #Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications #Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics #Biosensors and Analytical Detection
paper · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00491
openalex publication_date 2024/09/26 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
Separation in single-cell mass spectrometry (MS) improves molecular coverage and quantification; however, it also elongates measurements, thus limiting analytical throughput to study large populations of cells. Here, we advance the speed of bottom-up proteomics by capillary electrophoresis (CE) high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) for single-cell proteomics. We adjust the applied electrophoresis potential to readily control the duration of electrophoresis. On the HeLa proteome standard, shorter separation times curbed proteome detection using data-dependent acquisition (DDA) but not data-independent acquisition (DIA) on an Orbitrap analyzer. This DIA method identified 1161 proteins vs 401 proteins by the reference DDA within a 15 min effective separation from single HeLa-cell-equivalent (∼200 pg) proteome digests. Label-free quantification found these exclusively DIA-identified proteins in the lower domain of the concentration range, revealing sensitivity improvement. The approach also significantly advanced the reproducibility of quantification, where ∼76% of the DIA-quantified proteins had <20% coefficient of variation vs ∼43% by DDA. As a proof of principle, the method allowed us to quantify 1242 proteins in subcellular niches in a single, neural-tissue fated cell in the live Xenopus laevis (frog) embryo, including many canonical components of organelles. DIA integration enhanced throughput by ∼2–4 fold and sensitivity by a factor of ∼3 in single-cell (subcellular) CE-MS proteomics.