1990/03/01 by F. James Rohlf, Dennis E. Slice, Dennis Slice · 4 citations
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Environmental Science · Mathematics · #Affine transformation #Artificial intelligence #Computer science #Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies #Geometry #Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement #Mathematics #Morphological variations and asymmetry #Multidimensional scaling #Pattern recognition (psychology) #Procrustes analysis #Rotation (mathematics) #Scaling #Statistics #Superimposition #Translation (biology)
paper · doi:10.2307/2992207
crossref issued 1990/03/01 · crossref published 1990/03/01 · crossref published-print 1990/03/01 · openalex publication_date 1990/03/01 · crossref created 2006/05/10 · crossref deposited 2017/08/23 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04 · crossref indexed 2026/08/04
Superimposition methods for comparing configurations of landmarks in two or more specimens are reviewed. These methods show differences in shape among specimens as residuals after rotation, translation, and scaling them so that they align as well as possible. A new method is presented that generalizes Siegel and Benson's (1982) resistant-fit theta-rho analysis so that more than two objects can be compared at the same time. Both least-squares and resistant-fit approaches are generalized to allow for affine transformations (uniform shape change). The methods are compared, using artificial data and data on 18 landmarks on the wings of 127 species of North American mosquitoes. Graphical techniques are also presented to help summarize the patterns of differences in shape among the objects being compared.