1994/09/01 by H. Kruuk, Hans Kruuk, E. Balharry +2
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Chemistry · Environmental Science · #Amphibian and Reptile Biology #Animal science #Bat Biology and Ecology Studies #Biology #Chemistry #Ecology #Foraging #Lutra #Otter #Oxygen #Physiological and biochemical adaptations #Predation
paper · doi:10.1086/physzool.67.5.30163888
crossref issued 1994/09/01 · crossref published 1994/09/01 · crossref published-print 1994/09/01 · openalex publication_date 1994/09/01 · crossref created 2016/01/07 · crossref deposited 2022/06/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/06/11 · crossref indexed 2026/07/31
Oxygen consumption (V̇o2) was measured in three captive Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra L.) at rest out of water and at rest and at different levels of activity in water of different temperatures. Irrespective of behavior, variation in water temperature (Tw; °C) accounted for 55% of the variation in V̇o2 (mL O₂ [kg · min]⁻¹): V̇o2 = 36.0 − 1.2 Tw. Behavior (resting, swimming quietly, or vigorous activity) explained an additional 14% of variation. Behavior was itself dependent on temperature: activity increased when water temperature decreased. Differences in V̇o2 between individual otters could be explained almost entirely in terms of behavior. We conclude that the metabolic rate of otters is strongly affected by water temperature. This has implications for animals foraging for different lengths of time at varying prey densities. The resting metabolic rate (RMR) in air was 3.2 W · kg⁻¹ (9.50 mL O₂ [kg ·min]⁻¹), which is high for mammals of this size (as in other mustelids) but which is somewhat lower than that for the sea otter.