2022/10/06 by Dieuwke Hupkes, Mario Giulianelli, Verna Dankers +17 · 1 voice · 3 citations
Computer Science · #Natural Language Processing Techniques #Software Engineering Research #Topic Modeling #cs.AI #cs.CL
paper · pdf · doi:10.1038/s42256-023-00729-y
arxiv published 2022/10/06 · openalex publication_date 2023/10/19 · arxiv updated 2024/01/12 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
Abstract The ability to generalize well is one of the primary desiderata for models of natural language processing (NLP), but what ‘good generalization’ entails and how it should be evaluated is not well understood. In this Analysis we present a taxonomy for characterizing and understanding generalization research in NLP. The proposed taxonomy is based on an extensive literature review and contains five axes along which generalization studies can differ: their main motivation, the type of generalization they aim to solve, the type of data shift they consider, the source by which this data shift originated, and the locus of the shift within the NLP modelling pipeline. We use our taxonomy to classify over 700 experiments, and we use the results to present an in-depth analysis that maps out the current state of generalization research in NLP and make recommendations for which areas deserve attention in the future.