2025/02/03 by Mohamed AbdElSalam, Mohamed Abdelsalam, Saddek Bensalem +11
Engineering · Medicine · #Digital Transformation in Industry #Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems #Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring
paper · doi:10.1177/00375497241311617
crossref issued 2025/02/03 · crossref published 2025/02/03 · crossref published-online 2025/02/03 · openalex publication_date 2025/02/03 · crossref created 2025/02/03 · crossref published-print 2025/03/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · crossref deposited 2026/05/01 · openalex updated_date 2026/05/21 · crossref indexed 2026/08/03
Effective management of depth of anesthesia (DoA) is crucial for patient safety in healthcare. Anesthesiologists typically adjust anesthetic dosages to maintain desired sedation, analgesia (pain relief), and muscle relaxation states. In this paper, we present a digital twin (DT) architecture for the formal modeling and verification of an infusion pump controller for DoA management. The DT incorporates a virtual patient model, an autonomous DoA controller adjusting the infusion rate of the anesthetic agent, i.e., propofol, a test-case manager, and a runtime verification monitor. Data exchange occurs via Ethernet frames. Challenges arise from noise in the Bispectral Index monitoring system readings and infusion rate measurements in clinical scenarios. To mitigate noise impact, we design a feedback controller that is robust against noise. We reason about DT performance by evaluating control specifications using a temporal-logic language within the context of our runtime verification tool.